Covering for  steam-pipes



(No Model.)

R. H. MARTIN.

COVERING FOR STEAM PIPES. No. 245,083. Patented Aug. 2,1881.

h in

Bonner H. MARTIN, on

aren't BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

' GOVERlNG FOR STEAEW=IPIPES.

srnclrxca'rrolu forming Application filed May 13, i881. (no model.)

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, ROBERT E. MARTIN, of thecity of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, haveinventednew and nsefullmprovements in Non-Conducting Coverings for Steamand Hot Pipes and Boilers, 850., of which the following is adescription, reference being bad to the drawings, wherein-- Figure 1 isa longitudinal section of a pipecovering. Fig.2 is a cross-section ofthe same.

Similar letters denote corresponding-parts.

The nature of my invention consists in the manner of employing loosefibrousmaterial conveniently and eflectually as a non condnctor.

The object of my invention is to employ successfully loose fibrousmaterials soas to obtain themost perfect non-conductor of heat known.The conduction of heat depends upon a medium through which it mayprogress from molecule to molecule, and the rate ofprogres sion willdep'endin a large measure upontheamount of contact between themolecules.

It is well known that confined air is an excellent non-conductor ofheat, and the excel lence of a covering depends largely ,on thecharacter of the material used andaheamount of air-space which ispermitted either by the nature of the material or its condition. -lieltand fibrous coverings, such as paperjor-woven' fabrics, depend mainlyfor their bad conduct-c ing property on the interstices between fibers.The looser the felt or web the, greater the interstices for air andtheair-spaces. The com- S bustibility, too, of the material. used isimportant, in that the life of the covering is determined by it. I v

I have found the most advantageous "cover-- ing to consist in the use ofloose fiber of asbestus, because with it I obtain absoluteindestructibility by carbonization, with approximately the greatestamount of air-spaces. To avail myself of this feature I have inventedthe following-described method of applying it.

In the drawings, A is a continuous sheet of asbestus or felted, woven,or compressed fabric, as paper, which is rolled as a coil. As rolled Ifeed between the coils loose asbestus or other non-conductin gfibrous'or porous material, B, of similar character, in such mannerobtained a pipe of alternate layers of felted,

woven,orcompressed material andloosefibrous or porous material results.

The ends of the pipe, as well as the inner and outer ends of the coiledroll, may be socurely closed by any suitable cement or adhesivematerial, such as silicate of soda.

The same or other adhesive materialmight be applied to the sheet asrolled; but the quantity used should be as small as possible, for suchmaterial is in a degree a good conductor of heat.

The roll when made may be finished by any desired covering of paper,canvas, or other material ordinarily used for such purpose, and

application.

In cases where the covering is to be applied to other than cylindricalsurfaces, the covering should be made in sheets, of three or morealternate layers of sheet and loose fibrous material, sealed at itsedges by adhesive material or by sewing or metal fasteningsof approvedcharacter.

The method of coiling or rolling is not important. g

I am fully aware that coverings have been made by coiling alternatesheets of different materials, but not by an alternate sheet and loosefiber. Y V

' I use theword loose in this specification in contradistinction to theterm fabricated, whether referrin g'to woven ,felted, compressed, orother fabric.

I am aware that loose asbestus fiber has been applied as a covering whenconfined by and contained in a receptacle of wire cloth or gauzesurrounded by a non-conductor; but my invention does not contemplatesuch an application of fibrous material. 7

'What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

As a new article of manufacture, a nonconducti'ng covering for steam andhot pipes,

' 820., composed of a coil of alternate sheet andloose asbestus orsimilar material in fiber, so

as to be placed around pipes or other surfaces;

to be covered, substantially as described.

ROBERT H.- MAETIN.

Witnesses:

JAMEs DEMABEST,

that when a roll of the desired thickness is WILLIAM A. BARR.

maybe split longitudinally for convenience of

